In 1670, Kota Belanda was built by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) to store tin ore obtained from the state of Perak. In 1690, locals who disagreed with the Dutch way of obtaining the tin and had destroyed the city. After 1779 Kota Belanda was no longer used because the Dutch focused on the spice trade in Maluku, Indonesia. The Netherlands also faced the Napoleonic war in Europe. In 1824 the Dutch and the British formally divided their respective territories of control in the archipelago through the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824.











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